Hidden underground city and ancient artifacts suggest Somaliland was the heart of the fabled kingdom of Punt, famed for trade and culture.

Archaeologists in Somaliland have announced a groundbreaking discovery that may rewrite history: the identification of the ancient “Land of Punt,” a legendary kingdom revered in ancient Egyptian records. The find, led by Isaaq Yusuf of Somaliland’s Archaeology Organization, centers around an ancient map that led researchers to an underground city in Somaliland, which they believe served as Punt’s capital.

This discovery positions Somaliland as a cornerstone of ancient global trade and culture. Known to the ancient Egyptians as the “Land of the Gods,” Punt was famed for its wealth in incense, gold, and exotic animals. Egyptian pharaohs sent expeditions to Punt not only for trade but also for religious rituals, cementing its historical and spiritual significance.

Yusuf and a team of international archaeologists believe the site aligns with historical accounts of Punt. Excavations have revealed pyramidal structures and artifacts that suggest Punt was not just a trade hub but also a sophisticated society with advanced engineering capabilities.

Key findings include inscriptions indicating Punt’s leadership, potentially ruled by a queen who commissioned the underground city as a secure refuge during periods of conflict. The discoveries echo Punt’s status as a key player in ancient trade networks spanning Africa and the Near East.

A Rich Archaeological Legacy

This potential identification of Punt adds to Somaliland’s already rich archaeological heritage. Renowned sites like Laas Geel, with rock art dating back 12,000 years, and Dhambalin, known for its 5,000-year-old paintings, underscore the region’s prominence in early human civilization. Recent investigations in the Naaso Hablood mountains have uncovered additional artifacts, including inscriptions suggesting ancient prophets may have traveled through the region.

The discovery holds transformative potential for Somaliland’s cultural and economic landscape. Yusuf and his team have urged the government to enact laws protecting these newly uncovered archaeological treasures. Proper preservation could position Somaliland as a global destination for historical and cultural tourism, shedding light on its vital role in ancient history.

The Global Impact of the Find

This discovery would not only validate Somaliland’s claims to historical prominence but also deepen understanding of trade and cultural exchanges in the ancient world. The Land of Punt, long a subject of speculation, could finally have a tangible home, offering new insights into a society that thrived at the crossroads of civilizations.

Somaliland now stands poised to redefine its narrative—not only as a modern nation seeking recognition but also as a steward of one of history’s most enigmatic and celebrated kingdoms.

Rising tensions as SSC-Khatumo leader Abdulqadir Ahmed Aw-Ali vows military action to capture Sanaag’s capital; Somaliland faces diplomatic isolation after Ankara Agreement.

The leader of SSC-Khatumo, Abdulqadir Ahmed Aw-Ali (Firdhiye), has escalated the conflict by declaring a military campaign to capture Erigavo, the capital of the Sanaag region, from Somaliland forces. Speaking at a gathering in Lasanood, Firdhiye urged the SSC-Khatumo community to mobilize for what he called a decisive struggle for land and self-determination.

This declaration comes amid mounting tensions in the region. Firdhiye accused Somaliland forces of targeting local communities and vowed to expel them from Erigavo and other areas. His call for war follows recent skirmishes in Erigavo and highlights the growing instability in Somaliland’s eastern territories.

At the same time, Somaliland faces a significant geopolitical setback in the wake of the Ankara Agreement, which has further marginalized its position. The deal, signed by Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud and Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, grants Ethiopia access to the sea via Somaliland’s port of Saylac. The arrangement, which includes the establishment of Ethiopian military and commercial facilities, effectively sidelines Somaliland and diminishes its regional influence.

The agreement has provoked outrage within Somaliland and among Red Sea nations such as Egypt, Djibouti, and Eritrea, who view Ethiopia’s military presence in Saylac as a violation of sovereignty. Egypt, in particular, has strongly opposed the move, warning of its implications for Red Sea security.

Moreover, Ethiopia and Somalia have downgraded Ethiopia’s diplomatic presence in Somaliland, closing the Ethiopian Embassy in Hargeisa and transitioning it into a consulate under Mogadishu’s authority. This symbolic shift reflects Somaliland’s diminishing recognition on the international stage.

These developments highlight the precarious position Somaliland finds itself in. Domestically, it is grappling with insurgencies like SSC-Khatumo, while externally, it faces diplomatic isolation and erosion of its autonomy. For Somaliland, the convergence of internal strife and geopolitical marginalization poses an existential challenge to its long-standing quest for independence and self-governance.

The coming months will test Somaliland’s resilience as it seeks to navigate escalating conflicts and assert its legitimacy in an increasingly hostile regional environment.

Togdheer community in disbelief as two brothers accused of killing their mother and burying her in secrecy.

A horrifying murder in Somaliland’s Togdheer region has left the local community reeling. On December 23, 2024, police arrested two men accused of killing their mother, Aamina Yusuf Ismail, in the Habaaslay area. Authorities acted swiftly after uncovering disturbing evidence, leading to the suspects’ apprehension.

According to police reports, Aamina was struck seven times before her death. One of the suspects allegedly confessed, chillingly stating, “I was the first to strike, and I was the last to take her life.”

The crime went undisclosed for days as the victim was buried shortly after her death. It wasn’t until later that details surfaced, shocking the community and raising questions about the motives behind such a heinous act.

This tragic case highlights the complexities of familial violence and its devastating impact on society. As the investigation unfolds, authorities are working to uncover more information about the circumstances leading to the murder.

For the residents of Habaaslay, the incident serves as a grim reminder of the importance of vigilance and addressing potential signs of domestic conflict. The community remains in mourning as they await justice for a crime that has shaken Somaliland to its core.

Somaliland seeks international legal support to reclaim airspace control as disputes with Somalia over aviation governance intensify.

Somaliland’s government is intensifying efforts to regain control of its airspace, a move that could further strain its already tense relationship with Somalia. The airspace, currently managed by Somalia, was previously under international oversight before being transferred to Mogadishu’s control years ago.

Somaliland’s Minister of Aviation and Airport Development, Fuad Ahmed Nuuh, confirmed that reclaiming airspace management is a top priority. “We are in a dispute with Somalia over airspace management, and our goal is to restore full control,” Nuuh stated, adding that Somaliland is pursuing legal avenues and seeking international support to resolve the issue.

The dispute has been further complicated by Somaliland’s agreements with Ethiopia, which include granting Ethiopian Airlines access to Berbera port in exchange for stakes in the airline and potential recognition of Somaliland’s sovereignty. Somalia views these developments as a violation of its territorial integrity, exacerbating the conflict.

Recent incidents underscore the gravity of the situation. Somali authorities have denied landing rights to Ethiopian Airlines flights bound for Hargeisa, citing unauthorized operations. International aviation authorities have also flagged safety concerns, including near-miss incidents caused by conflicting air traffic control (ATC) instructions from unauthorized controllers.

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has expressed concern over these safety risks. “Conflicting ATC instructions in the region are creating serious safety threats,” an ICAO spokesperson warned, highlighting the urgency of resolving the airspace dispute.

Somaliland has criticized Somalia’s recent implementation of a new satellite phone system for air traffic controllers, accusing Mogadishu of using it to undermine Somaliland’s claims. Additionally, Somaliland alleges that Somalia has mismanaged over $60 million intended for air traffic infrastructure, causing delays in the development of Somaliland’s aviation sector.

As part of its broader aviation strategy, Somaliland plans to upgrade key airports, including Burco and Boorama, and fully operationalize the modernized Berbera airport. These steps aim to bolster Somaliland’s connectivity and assert its sovereignty in the region.

With safety concerns mounting and political tensions simmering, the airspace dispute underscores the complex challenges facing Somaliland’s bid for recognition and autonomy. The outcome of this standoff will likely shape the region’s aviation landscape and broader geopolitical dynamics in the Horn of Africa.

President Irro announces key appointments to strengthen governance across Somaliland’s regions.

President Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi (Irro) of Somaliland has issued a presidential decree appointing new governors and deputy governors across all regions of the republic. The appointments, made under Presidential Decree No. JSL/XM/WM/222-027/012025, underscore the government’s commitment to fostering effective regional governance and advancing national development.

Drawing upon Article 90 of Somaliland’s Constitution and considering the qualifications and competence of the appointees, President Irro emphasized the critical role these leaders play in serving citizens and contributing to regional stability. The decree reflects a strategic effort to bolster administrative efficiency and address pressing needs across Somaliland’s regions.

The list includes notable appointments such as Prof. Ahmed Mohamed Adad as Governor of Maroodi-jeex, Mahmoud Ali Saleeban (Ramaax) as Governor of Togdheer, and Prof. Ahmed Abdullahi Mohamed (Dhegayare) as Governor of Saraar, among others. These individuals bring diverse expertise and experience to their respective roles.

President Irro’s decision to prioritize regional development and strengthen governance aligns with his administration’s broader vision of equitable progress and improved public services. As these new leaders assume office, citizens and stakeholders will closely monitor their efforts to enhance local administration and contribute to Somaliland’s stability and growth.

This move signals the government’s focus on accountability and its resolve to deliver on promises of improved governance and national development.

Somaliland’s New Government Ministers Officially Sworn In

In a significant milestone for Somaliland’s new administration, 28 ministers were officially sworn in under the leadership of President Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi Irro. The ceremony, conducted by Supreme Court President Adan Haji Ali, marked the formal commencement of duties for the newly appointed cabinet.

Addressing his ministers, President Irro emphasized the critical importance of fulfilling the promises made to the public during the election campaign. He highlighted key areas of governance, including education, water, healthcare, infrastructure, and justice, as priorities for the new administration.

“The people expect from us every service that we have promised them,” President Irro stated. “They are evaluating us, holding us accountable, and looking forward to the changes we committed to during the election.”

The president further urged his cabinet to deliver visible improvements and reforms, reiterating that the public’s faith and the success of future elections depend on the government’s performance.

Focus on the First 100 Days

The new administration is under intense public scrutiny as it begins implementing its ambitious agenda. Many initiatives, outlined during the campaign, are set to be launched within the first 100 days of the government’s tenure. These include both short-term priorities and long-term strategies aimed at enhancing public welfare and economic infrastructure.

While some promised activities are already in motion, others are reportedly in the planning phase. President Irro pledged to ensure justice, protect citizens’ rights, and strengthen Somaliland’s external relations, signaling a balanced focus on domestic development and international diplomacy.

As the ministers begin their work, the president’s address served as both a reminder of their responsibilities and a rallying call for transformation. Somaliland’s citizens, who have long anticipated tangible progress, will be closely watching the government’s efforts to translate campaign promises into action.

This new chapter in Somaliland’s governance represents an opportunity to solidify public trust through accountability, transparency, and impactful service delivery.

The road ahead will test the administration’s resolve and capacity to meet the high expectations of the nation.

A critique of the Somali ambassador’s arguments against recognizing Somaliland’s independence, highlighting flawed premises and ineffective policies.

Joshua Meservey challenges the Somali ambassador’s op-ed opposing US recognition of Somaliland, identifying several inaccuracies undermining the argument for a unified Somali state.

The notion that Somalia maintains territorial integrity is deeply flawed. Islamist group al-Shabaab controls significant areas, while Somaliland has been independent in practice for decades. Puntland and Jubaland, too, operate autonomously, frequently ignoring directives from Mogadishu. This disunity renders arguments about a cohesive Somali state more aspirational than factual.

The claim that the US-Somalia partnership has bolstered regional stability also falters. Despite years of US assistance, Somalia remains a hub of instability, with its internal challenges spilling over into neighboring regions. Similarly, suggestions that recognizing Somaliland would disrupt counterterrorism efforts are misguided. Mogadishu has long been distracted from counterterrorism operations by internal political strife, demonstrating limited effectiveness as a partner against groups like al-Shabaab.

The ambassador’s argument for preserving Somalia’s 1960 borders ignores decades of division and unrest. Policies built on the premise of a unified Somalia have repeatedly failed, with little evidence to suggest that maintaining the status quo will yield better results.

Finally, the ambassador’s assertion that a unified Somalia would foster transparency and good governance lacks credibility. Mogadishu’s current administration is plagued by corruption and inefficiency, and there is no indication that unification would resolve these entrenched issues.

Meservey argues that US policies should pivot to reflect the reality on the ground. Recognizing Somaliland’s de facto independence could provide a pathway to stability in the region, breaking away from policies rooted in outdated assumptions. By supporting Somaliland, the US could foster a more pragmatic approach to the Horn of Africa’s complex political landscape.

Following peaceful elections, Somaliland formalizes the status of its three national political parties for the next decade.

Somaliland has officially renewed the licenses of its three political parties—Waddani, Kaah, and Kulmiye—following their success in the November 13, 2024 elections. The decision was formalized during a ceremony at the Ambassador Hotel in Hargeisa, where President Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi Irro lauded the electoral process and the institutions that oversaw it.

The event marked a pivotal moment for Somaliland’s political landscape, as the newly licensed parties will remain official political entities for the next decade. President Irro expressed gratitude to the Commission for the Registration of Political Associations and Approval of National Parties for ensuring transparency and adherence to legal frameworks. He also commended the Electoral Commission for conducting an election widely praised for its peaceful and orderly execution.

The elections saw seven political associations vying for recognition. The ruling Kulmiye party and the opposition Waddani party retained their positions, while the newly formed Kaah party replaced the UCID party, which failed to secure enough support to remain a national political entity.

This renewal underscores Somaliland’s commitment to fostering a robust and dynamic political system, providing a stable foundation for the next decade of governance. The peaceful transition and electoral process stand as a testament to Somaliland’s evolving democratic framework, setting an example for political stability in the Horn of Africa.

With these licenses in place, Somaliland’s political parties are poised to shape the nation’s future while continuing to uphold its democratic principles. The renewed mandate for Waddani, Kaah, and Kulmiye ensures continuity and adaptability in addressing the aspirations of Somaliland’s citizens.